Valores humanos

¿Cuáles son las características de los valores?

La humanidad ha adoptado criterios a partir de los cuales se establece la categoría o la jerarquía de los valores. Algunos de esos criterios son:

· Durabilidad: los valores se reflejan en el curso de la vida. Hay valores que son más permanentes en el tiempo que otros.
· Integralidad: cada valor es una abstracción íntegra en sí mismo, no es divisible.
· Flexibilidad: los valores cambian con las necesidades y experiencias de las personas.
· Satisfacción: los valores generan satisfacción en las personas que los practican.
· Polaridad: todo valor se presenta en sentido positivo y negativo; todo valor conlleva un contravalor.

· Jerarquía: hay valores que son considerados superiores (dignidad, libertad) y otros como inferiores (los relacionados con las necesidades básicas o vitales).
Las jerarquías
De valores no son rígidas ni predeterminadas; se van construyendo progresivamente a lo largo de la vida de cada persona.

· Trascendencia: los valores trascienden el plano concreto; dan sentido y significado a la vida humana y a la sociedad.
· Dinamismo: los valores se transforman con las épocas.
· Aplicabilidad: los valores se aplican en las diversas situaciones de la vida; entrañan acciones prácticas que reflejan los principios valorativos de la persona.
· Complejidad: los valores obedecen a causas diversas, requieren complicados juicios y decisiones.

La educación, (del latín educere "guiar, conducir" o educare "formar, instruir") puede definirse como:

• El proceso multidireccional mediante el cual se transmiten conocimientos, valores, costumbres y formas de actuar. La educación no sólo se produce a través de la palabra, pues está presente en todas nuestras acciones, sentimientos y actitudes.
• El proceso de vinculación y concienciación cultural, moral y conductual. Así, a través de la educación, las nuevas generaciones asimilan y aprenden los conocimientos, normas de conducta, modos de ser y formas de ver el mundo de generaciones anteriores, creando además otros nuevos.
• Proceso de socialización formal de los individuos de una sociedad.
• La educación se comparte entre las personas por medio de nuestras ideas, cultura, conocimientos, etc. respetando siempre a los demás. Ésta no siempre se da en el aula.

Existen tres tipos de educación: la formal, la no formal y la informal. La educación formal hace referencia a los ámbitos de las escuelas, institutos, universidades, módulos, mientras que la no formal se refiere a los cursos, academias, e instituciones, que no se rigen por un particular currículo de estudios, y la educación informal es aquella que fundamentalmente se recibe en los ámbitos sociales, pues es la educación que se adquiere progresivamente a lo largo de toda la vida.

8. Example of networking cables and thier functions post atleast 10 with Picture

8. Example of networking cables and thier functions post atleast 10 with Picture

- USB 2.0 NETWORK CABLE is one of the computers accessories that can help you to network your two computers to transfer your files, music, video, photos etc. USB 2.0 File Transfer cable also create virtual network and share even printers, scanners and other peripherals among computers. Using USB 2.0 File Transfer Cable you are able to transfer your data transfer rate 115 to 176 Mbps. USB 2.0 File Transfer Cable is easy to setup just install the software and plug USB File Transfer Cable and you where able to transfer data in simple drag and drop operation. The hardware requirement is very minimal even Pentium III or lower specification is compatible and compatible for almost all windows including Windows 98, Windows ME,Windows 2000, Windows XP and Windows Vista. Another improvement for USB 2.0 File Transfer is allowing you to Network your Internet.

-Category 5 cable is a twisted pair high signal integrity cable type often referred to as Cat5 or Cat-5. Most cables are unshielded, relying on the twisted pair design for noise rejection, and some are shielded. Category 5 has been superseded by the Category 5e specification structured cabling for computer networks such as Ethernet, and is also used to carry many other signals such as basic voice services, token ring, and ATM (at up to 155 Mbit/s, over short distances).

-Cat-6 cable standard for Gigabit Ethernet and other network protocols that are backward compatible with the Category 5/5e and Category 3 cable standards. Compared with Cat-5 and Cat-5e, Cat-6 features more stringent specifications for crosstalk and system noise. The cable standard provides performance of up to 250 MHz and is suitable for 10BASE-T, 100BASE-TX (Fast Ethernet), 1000BASE-T / 1000BASE-TX (Gigabit Ethernet) and 10GBASE-T (10-Gigabit Ethernet). Category 6 cables has a reduced maximum length when used for 10GBASE-T; Category 6a cable, or Augmented Category 6, is characterized to 500MHz and has improved alien crosstalk characteristics, allowing 10GBASE-T to be run for the same distance as previous protocols. Category 6 cables can be identified by the printing on the side of the cable sheath.

-An Ethernet crossover cable is a type of Ethernet cable used to connect computing devices together directly where they would normally be connected via a network switch, hub or router, such as directly connecting two personal computers via their network adapters.

- LAN cable is connected to other computers via a central hub.

A LAN cable system is typically implemented by physically

connecting all of these devices with copper-conductor twisted-pair

LAN cables, the most common being an 8-wire

cable which is configured as 4 twisted-wire pairs.

-Unshielded twisted pair cable The cable that is used to connect devices in a LOCAL AREA NETWORK. It is often referred to as UTP and it consists of four pairs of cables which are twisted with a different number of pairs per inch in order to minimize interference. A major disadvantage of this type of cable is that it may react to radio or electrical interference. A version of this cabling known as SHIELDED TWISTED PAIR CABLE has been developed to overcome the problems with electrical interference.

-Shielded Twisted-Pair cable, STP is a type of
cable originally developed by IBM for Token Ring that
consists of two individual wires wrapped in
a foil shielding to help provide a more reliable data communication.

-Serial ATA or SATA cable computer bus, is a storage-interface for
connecting host bus adapters to mass storage devices
such as hard disk drives and optical drives. The SATA
host adapter is integrated into almost all modern
consumer laptop computers and desktop motherboards.

-Coaxial cable, or coax, is an electrical cable with
an inner conductor surrounded by a tubular insulating
layer typically of a flexible material with a
high dielectric constant, all of which are
surrounded by a conductive layer called the
shield (typically of fine woven wire for flexibility, or of
a thin metallic foil), and finally covered with a thin insulating layer on the outside.

-Twisted pair cabling is a type of wiring in
which two conductors (the forward and return conductors of a
single circuit) are twisted together for
the purposes of canceling
out electromagnetic interference (EMI) from external
sources; for instance, electromagnetic radiation from
Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP) cables, and crosstalk between

Example of Networking devices and thier functions, post atleast 10 with pictures.

Example of Networking devices and thier functions, post atleast 10 with pictures.

-PROTOCOL CONVERTER a hardware device that converts

between two different types of transmission,

such as asynchronous and synchronous transmission.

-NETWORK CARD a piece of a computer hardware to

allow the attached the computer to communicate by a network.

-MULTIPLEXER device that combines several

electrical signals into a single signal.

-DIGITAL MEDIA RECEIVER connects a

computer network to a home theatre

-MULTILAYER SWITCH a switch which, in addition

to switching on OSI layer 2, provides functionality

at higher protocol layer.

-NETWORK ADDRESS network service provide as

hardware or software that converts internal

to external network addresses and vice versa.

-NETWORK GATEWAY is an internetworking system

cable of joining together two networks that use different base protocol.

-ROUTERS is a networking device whose software

and hardware are usually tailored to the tasks

of routing and forwarding information.

-BRIDGES is a internetworking device used to

help conserve the bandwidth on the network.

-REPEATERS is an electronic device that

receives a signal and retransmits it at a higher

level and/or higher power, or onto the other

side of an obstruction, so that the signal can cover longer distances.

6.Example of networking with picture....

WIDE AREA NETWORKING

LOCAL AREA NETWORKING

METROPOLITAN AREA NETWORKING

PEER TO PEER NETWORKING

COMPLEX NETWORKING

5.What is networking?

*it is the act of working using computer network; the act of connecting computers into network; the act of meeting new people in a business or social context.

4.Example of OSI layer?
*

Layer 7: Application Layer

• Defines interface-to-user processes for communication and data transfer in network
• Provides standardized services such as virtual terminal, file and job transfer and operations

Layer 6: Presentation Layer

• Masks the differences of data formats between dissimilar systems
• Specifies architecture-independent data transfer format
• Encodes and decodes data; encrypts and decrypts data; compresses and decompresses data

Layer 5: Session Layer

• Manages user sessions and dialogues
• Controls establishment and termination of logic links between users
• Reports upper layer errors

Layer 4: Transport Layer

• Manages end-to-end message delivery in network
• Provides reliable and sequential packet delivery through error recovery and flow control mechanisms
• Provides connectionless oriented packet delivery

Layer 3: Network Layer

• Determines how data are transferred between network devices
• Routes packets according to unique network device addresses
• Provides flow and congestion control to prevent network resource depletion

Layer 2: Data Link Layer

• Defines procedures for operating the communication links
• Frames packets
• Detects and corrects packets transmit errors

Layer 1: Physical Layer

• Defines physical means of sending data over network devices
• Interfaces between network medium and devices

3.What is OSI layer?
*OSI: The Network Layer
This page, from Cisco Systems, provides an illustrated overview of OSI with information on OSI network-layer services and protocols, routing protocols, and a description of Cisco's OSI implementation.